Food

For Subarctic People hunting was essential. They would hunt, trap and gather. During summer they picked berries such as raspberries, blueberries, and other wild berries. They also fished in summer. During autumn, berries were dried and stored in underground pits where it was possible to keep for a good period of time. Since subarctic peoples were close to water they could fish throughout the years. They would fish trout, white fish, eel, salmon, and other variety of fish as well. Also they would hunt games as well, such as moose, caribou, elk, deer and many other games as well. The entire hunted animal was divided equally among the peoples. They also tried not to kill more than necessary.

Clothing and fashion

For clothing, they wore light clothing. They wore soft tanned hide moccasins, leggings, shirts and coats. During summer the hair was removed first before being made into clothing article. They also wore V-tailed summer slipover made from caribou skin, which was decorated with dyed porcupine quills, dentalium and beads made from seeds. Sometimes the legging and moccasins were attached to the slipover. During winter they left the fur on the hides for extra warmth.

Shelter

Since they were moving frequently, they made all houses easy to set up and take down as well. The type of houses depended by the location but most lived in plain teepees (skin supported by whale bones). Types of housing are double lean-tos, pit houses, teepees; wigwams are few types of the housing. Lean-tos were free standing beams of wood or whale bone that were layered against a log or large stone. It had an opening for entrance and exit. Pit houses were houses underground with opening in the ceiling for entrance and exit with ladder for stair use. Wigwams were dome shaped house made from grass or bark or reeds. Teepees were made with hides supported by poles. All houses had a single fire for additional warmth and light source. The maximum number of people that could live in one house was two families.

Tools

They had quite a technology. They used bows, arrows, traps, snares, dead falls, drift fence, pound for hunting. They caught fish by using dip, gill nets, traps, spears, hooks and lines. Women were skilled in preparing to dry meat, hide tanning and sewing, making containers out of skin, making basket out of bark or spruce, making fish nets out of baste or babiche. Men were skilled in making snowshoes, toboggans, canoes, sleds, hunting implements. They also had abundance of raw copper which were used for knives and arrow head. Few other important tools were metal knives, double re-curved handles, sleds, baby carriers, kayaks, canoes, caribou skin tents. The important fact for subarctic peoples was that it was important to know how to make the tools and when to use the tools as well.